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MADRID, Spain, November 23, 2005 (Refocus
Weekly)
The public cost to reduce CO2 emissions from the
use of Green Heat could be as little as 1% of the price to reduce
the same carbon level by green power, and 5% of the cost needed to
support green fuels.
It would cost Euro 20 to 26 to avoid each tonne of CO2 under a
support program for domestic thermal biomass, and Euro 11 to 25 per
tonne for low-temperature solar thermal, according to the Plan de
Energías Renovables en España (Spanish Renewable Energy Plan) to
2010. The cost for industrial thermal biomass would be zero for the
next five years.
For green fuels, total public aid would range from Euro 121 to 127
for biodiesel and 272 - 283 for each tonne avoided by bioethanol.
Those costs include investment aid, premiums on green power, and
fiscal incentives for the production of biofuels.
For green power, the costs range from Euro 23 to 25 for
cogeneration, 77 - 80 for hydroelectricity, 79 - 85 for biogas, 79 -
85 for wind, 89 - 143 for biomass electricity, 521 - 560 for solar
thermoelectric, and Euro 1,100 to 1,158 for each tonne of CO2
avoided by the installation of solar PV systems.
“Although the CO2 avoided is only a part - albeit a significant part
- of the environmental benefits of renewable energy, and the
environmental benefits are significant but only one of the positive
impacts of renewable energy, it is worth comparing the carbon
dioxide emissions avoided by implementing the Plan with the cost in
terms of public aid, of achieving this emissions reduction,” the
summary explains. It also analyses the relationship between
financial aid and its economic impacts.
From 2005 to 2010, when the plan is in effect, Spain will provide
Euro 8,492 million of public money to support a total investment of
Euro 23,599 million. Of this, Euro 4,956 would be the premium for
new green power facilities over their lifetime, with the balance
from aid and tax exemptions.
The plan would produce 10,480,526 tonnes of oil equivalent (toe) of
energy, and create 94,925 net jobs across the country, while
displacing the emission of 76,983,254 tonnes of CO2 (77 Mt) compared
with a natural gas combined cycle power station.
Public aid would range from Euro 35 to 77 for every toe from
low-temperature solar thermal and 62 - 80 for domestic biomass heat,
with green fuels needing Euro 371 to 812 for every toe. Green power
would need Euro 78 - 82 for cogeneration, rising to 341 - 365 for
wind and 4,462 for solar PV.
For jobs, wind is expected to create 37,793 total jobs, of which
34,680 would be in construction and installation, with another 3,113
in operation and maintenance. There would be 13,593 new jobs in the
biofuel sector, 11,640 in solar thermoelectric, 9,186 new jobs in
solar PV, another 9,076 in biomass electric and 4,632 net jobs in
solar thermal, out of the national total of 94,925.
When analyzed on the level of job creation for the level of public
support, solar thermoelectric is expected to be lowest at Euro
48,602 for every job created, domestic biomass heating at 58,811,
solar PV would require 59,010 for each job, wind would receive
68,766, low-temperature solar thermal would be 75,138, biomass
electric would need 85,584, hydroelectric would absorb 141,522,
cogeneration 145,197, biogas would need 159,526, and bioethanol and
biodiesel would need Euro 210,042 for every job that the sector
creates to 2010.
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