North Korea Pledges To
Drop Nuclear Programs at Arms Talks, To Get Energy Aid in Return
September 19, 2005 — By Burt Herman, Associated Press
BEIJING — North Korea agreed Monday
to stop building nuclear weapons and allow international inspections in
exchange for energy aid, economic cooperation and security assurances,
in a first step toward disarmament after two years of six-nation talks.
The chief U.S. envoy to the talks praised the breakthrough as a "win-win
situation" and "good agreement for all of us." But he promptly urged
Pyongyang to make good its promises by ending operations at its main
nuclear facility at Yongbyon.
"What is the purpose of operating it at this point?" said U.S. Assistant
Secretary of State Christopher Hill. "The time to turn it off would be
about now."
Despite the deal's potential to help significantly ease friction between
the North and the United States, after years of false starts and
setbacks, Hill remained cautious.
"We have to see what comes in the days and weeks ahead," he said before
leaving for Washington.
The agreement clinched seven days of talks aimed at setting out general
principles for the North's disarmament. Envoys agreed to return just
over a month later, in early November, to begin hashing out details of
how that will be done.
Then, the hard work of ensuring compliance will begin, officials
attending the talks said.
"Agreeing to a common document does not mean that the solution to our
problems has been found," said Japan's chief envoy, Kenichiro Sasae.
Another Japanese official, who spoke on condition he not be named in
order to discuss the issue more freely, noted that there was no common
understanding among the participants about the nature of North Korea's
nuclear program.
Hill said they didn't foresee inspectors scouring the country to find
the nuclear programs, noting Pyongyang had voluntarily entered into the
agreement.
"We do not plan to go out onto the landscape of (North Korea) and start
hunting for nuclear facilities. We expect those to be shown to us and we
expect to move quickly," he said.
According to a joint statement issued at the talks' conclusion, the
North "committed to abandoning all nuclear weapons and existing nuclear
programs and returning at an early date" to the Nuclear Nonproliferation
Treaty and International Atomic Energy Agency safeguards.
"The six parties unanimously reaffirmed that the goal of the six-party
talks is the verifiable denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula in a
peaceful manner," the statement said.
Responding to Pyongyang's claims that it needs atomic weapons for
defense, North Korea and the United States pledged to respect each
other's sovereignty and right to peaceful coexistence, and also to take
steps to normalize relations.
"The United States affirmed that it has no nuclear weapons on the Korean
Peninsula and has no intention to attack or invade (North Korea) with
nuclear or conventional weapons," according to the statement, in
assurances echoed by South Korea.
Hill said he would be willing to visit North Korea to keep channels of
communication open amid the ongoing nuclear discussions. But many
factors would be involved in determining whether such visits are made,
he said.
The talks, which began in August 2003, include China, Japan, Russia, the
United States and the two Koreas.
The negotiations had been deadlocked over North Korea's demand to keep
the right to civilian nuclear programs after it disarms, and the
agreement acknowledges the North has "stated" that but doesn't go
further.
North Korea had also demanded that it be given a light-water nuclear
reactor at the latest talks -- a type less easily diverted for weapons
use -- but Washington had said it and other countries at the talks
wouldn't meet that request.
Putting aside the question for now, the statement said: "the other
parties expressed their respect and agreed to discuss at an appropriate
time the subject of the provision of light-water reactor" to North
Korea.
The North will have to build trust by fulfilling all its pledges before
that issue would be discussed, said Sasae, who is director of the Asia
and Oceania Bureau at Japan's Foreign Ministry.
North Korea has also refused to totally disarm without getting
concessions along the way, while Washington has said it wants to see the
weapons programs totally dismantled before granting rewards. The
statement, however, says the sides agreed to take steps to implement the
agreement "in a phased manner in line with the principle of 'commitment
for commitment, action for action.'"
The other countries at the talks said they were willing give energy
assistance to the North, including a South Korean plan to deliver
electricity across the heavily armed border dividing the peninsula.
"This is the most important result since the six-party talks started
more than two years ago," said Chinese Vice Foreign Minister Wu Dawei,
Beijing's envoy.
North Korea was promised two light-water reactors under a 1994 deal with
Washington to abandon its nuclear weapons. That agreement fell apart in
late 2002 with the outbreak of the latest nuclear crisis, when U.S.
officials said North Korea admitted having a secret uranium enrichment
program.
The North is believed to have enough radioactive material for about a
half-dozen bombs from its publicly acknowledged plutonium program, but
hasn't performed any known nuclear tests to prove its capability. In
February, the North claimed it had nuclear weapons.
Japan and North Korea also said in the statement they would move to
normalize relations regarding "the outstanding issues of concern." The
reference appears to allude to Tokyo's concerns over its citizens that
the North has admitted abducting.
Source: Associated Press |