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PARIS, France, November 1, 2006 (Refocus
Weekly)
Emerging renewables provided 3.8% of primary
energy supply in OECD countries in 2004, compared with 2.4% in 1973.
Wind, solar, geothermal and other non-hydro non-combustible
renewables provided 37.8 million tons of oil equivalent (Mtoe) in
2004, according to the latest ‘Energy Balances of OECD Countries’
produced by the International Energy Agency. Total primary energy
supply (TPES) in the 30 developed countries in that year was 5,508
Mtoe, of which petroleum provided 2,242, gas 1,197, coal 1,129,
nuclear 604, combustible renewables and waste 188, and hydro 109
Mtoe.
OECD countries in Europe had the largest share in 2004 at 4.7%, up
from 2.4% in 1973. The level in North America rose to 3.7% from
2.8%, while OECD countries in the Pacific region rose to 2.3% from
1.2% in 1973.
“Energy from renewables and wastes represented 8.6% in 2004; with
combustible renewables and waste contributing for more than a half,
hydro for about a third and geothermal energy accounting for most of
the rest,” the report notes. “As regards the other forms of
renewable energy, their production started to grow steadily in
recent years, although their shares remain limited. For example,
solar and wind energy has experienced high annual growth since 1990,
but their combined production account for only 0.1% of primary
energy production in 2004.”
Hydro and nuclear generated much of the electricity in OECD
countries, but emerging renewables gave “a limited contribution” in
2004, with combustible renewables and waste representing 1.9% of
total output. Although wind increased 24% per year between 1990 and
2004, it did not exceed 0.8% of the total output generated in OECD
countries, the report notes, although wind did generate more than
geothermal for the first time in 2001.
In 2004, biomass provided 158 Mtoe of TPES while hydro provided 109
and municipal waste (renewable) provided 10 Mtoe. Transformation
geothermal provided 24, direct use geothermal was 4, solar PV was
0.07, transformation solar thermal was 0.15, direct use solar
thermal was 3, tidal / wave was 0.05, wind was 6.6 and earth energy
heat pumps provided 0.4 Mtoe.
For electricity, hydro (excluding pumped storage) generated
1,267,320 GWh for OECD countries in 2004, while biomass and MSW
generated 145,000 GWh. Wind was 77,166, geothermal 35,271, solar PV
814, solar thermal electric 587 and tidal / wave generated 551 GWh.
The report produces detailed analysis for each of the OECD
countries, and the report is a companion document to an IEA analysis
of non-OECD nations.
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