Retreating Antarctic Sea Ice Threatens Southern Whales
UK: June 20, 2008
LONDON - The retreat of Antarctic sea ice because of global warming will
threaten already endangered migratory whales by reducing their feeding
areas, the Worldwide Fund for Nature (WWF) said on Thursday.
The report, "Ice Breaker - Pushing the boundaries for Whales" says winter
sea ice will retreat by up to 30 percent in some places, making the whales
travel up to 500 km (310 miles) further south in search of food.
As well as retreating, the vital front between cold sea ice and warmer sea
water which causes an upwelling of nutrients supporting the krill on which
the whales feed will also contract, reducing the amount of food available.
"Essentially, what we are seeing is that ice-associated whales such as the
Antarctic minke whale will face dramatic changes to their habitat over
little more than the lifespan of an individual whale," said WWF officer
Heather Sohl.
The longer migration paths will not only increase the energy the whales use
to get to their feeding grounds but also reduce the duration of the feeding
season because of the time taken to get there, the report said.
The report is timed to coincide with the 60th annual meeting of the
International Whaling Commission in Santiago, Chile next week at which
Brazil will proposed the adoption of a South Atlantic Whale Sanctuary.
Whaling nations Japan and Norway are also waging a determined campaign to
get the IWC's 1982 moratorium on commercial whaling lifted.
Especially at risk from the retreating Antarctic sea ice are the Blue Whale,
the world's largest living creature, and the Humpback Whale.
These are only now starting to stage a comeback after being hunted to the
brink of extinction in the 20th century before the IWC whaling moratorium
came into force. Scientists predict that global average temperatures will
rise by between 1.8 and 4.0 degrees Celsius this century due to burning
fossil fuels for power and transport -- with faster and greater warming at
the poles.
The WWF predictions are is based the assumption that average temperatures
will rise by 2.0 degrees Celsius by 2042. (editing by Philippa Fletcher)
Story by Jeremy Lovell
REUTERS NEWS SERVICE
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