A horse riding with an empty saddle stands outside Little Wound
High School in Kyle, South Dakota after traveling down the Big
Foot Trail from Porcupine during an honoring service for
American Indian Movement activist Russell Means on Wednesday,
October 24. The horse saddle was left empty in memory of Means,
who passed away on Monday. He was 72.
The procession approaches Kyle, South Dakota as family,
friends and supporters make their way to an honoring service
for Russell Means on Wednesday, October 24, 2012. (AP
Photo/Rapid City Journal, Aaron Rosenblatt)
Russell Means is making his final journey on the Oglala
Lakota territory beginning today. He was led by a riderless
horse and the traditional Bigfoot Riders to his memorial service
at Little Wound High School on the
Pine Ridge Indian Reservation.
The death of the renowned Oglala Sioux leader has inspired
his vast web of relations and friends—stretching back decades—to
gather in the community of Kyle,
South Dakota for the first of four traditional honoring
ceremonies.
Remembered as an “Oglala Lakota patriot and freedom fighter,”
according to an invitation from Means’ family, the former
American Indian Movement (AIM) leader passed away early
Monday morning at his ranch in Porcupine, South Dakota. He was
72.
The ceremony today was led by Sundance Chief Leonard Crow
Dog, considered AIM’s spiritual leader, who told Indian Country
Today Media Network that he’d known Means since 1959, and was
with him at his passing.
“We were there with Chief
Russell Means all the way,” Crow Dog said. “I was there, in
the Oglala country, on his beautiful ranch. He’s a leader of all
tribes—a spiritual leader—and a warrior. He was not originally a
warrior, but all the injustice that happened to the American
Indians and Canadian Indians—the system made him into a warrior
just like Crazy Horse.”
The sweet smells of burning sage, sweetgrass and cedar—sacred
medicines used for spiritual cleansing and healing—wafted
through the gymnasium of the school as Means’ friends, family,
and his wife, Pearl Means, prayed and shared stories from his
life. The 12-hour ceremony began at 10 a.m., with community
members lining up outside the school entrance, dampened by a
gentle rain.
Stacey Stewart, left, and Tyrell Ringing Shield hold an
upside-down American flag remembering Wounded Knee as the
honoring service procession for Russell Means arrives at
Little Wound High School in Kyle, South Dakota on the Pine
Ridge Indian Reservation. (AP Photo/Rapid City Journal,
Aaron Rosenblatt)
“We have dignitaries coming in from all over—various tribal
leaders from different nations, and friends,” Natalie Hand,
Mean’s sister-in-law, told ICTMN before the ceremony. “We expect
a large crowd—he made a huge, huge inroads into freedom for
Native people around the world. That was his whole mission in
life—to be free. One of his favorite quotes was, ‘The first
thing about freedom is you’re free to be responsible.’ He
encouraged young people to embrace that; he was a huge voice.”
Crow Dog reflected upon the truth of Means’ Lakota name,
Oyate Wacinyapi, which means “worked for the people.”
“Yep, he worked for the people,” Crow Dog said. “And he
didn’t write a manifesto proposal and get paid. He worked for
the people as a spiritual leader of the Indian tribes, as a
chief. [He] moved to protect the unborn, the elders and the
relations. That’s what Russell Means—the beautiful leader that
he is—emphasized to our tribes in the Western Hemisphere.”
Smudging, drumming and songs provided a communal ceremony for
the leader’s supporters to pray for him. Crow Dog said Means’
soul will travel over four days to the spirit realm, known in
Lakota tradition as Happy Hunting Grounds.
“It’s about keeping the soul and releasing the soul to Happy
Hunting Grounds,” Crow Dog explained. “It’s all in a ceremonial
mood, with cedar, sweetgrass, sage and an eagle wing. It’s all
medicine—the way of life. Somebody will talk about his story.
There’s a lot of tribes involved.”
Kyle residents watch the procession traveling from Porcupine
to Kyle. (AP Photo/Rapid City Journal, Aaron Rosenblatt)
Happy Hunting Grounds is an afterlife marked by forgiveness,
in which one is reunited with the ancestors of one’s nation and
family, Crow Dog said.
“Four days from now, he will enter [it] to see all the chiefs
in his band, and all the families, all the relations, all the
stillborn that went to Happy Hunting Grounds,” Crow Dog said.
“He will see them in the Spirit World… Happy Hunting Grounds has
never been disturbed by any corporations in the United States,
Canada, South America or anywhere. Spiritually, we understand
that power.”
Community members brought gifts of food for the honoring
ceremony, as well as star quilts and blankets.
“Prayers were offered outside with a drum and honor songs,
then he was escorted in with his wife, Pearl and all his
children and grandchildren,” Hand said. “The ceremony will go on
into the night. After that, his family and close relatives among
the Oglalas will be carrying his ashes up to the Black Hills and
scattering his ashes at Yellow Thunder Camp.”
Yellow Thunder Camp, located in Victoria Creek Canyon outside
of Rapid City, was the site of a 1981 land reclamation and
protest, with which Means was involved.
Today’s ceremony will be followed by three more honoring
ceremonies. The second is planned at the Wounded Knee 1973
Occupation Memorial in February 2013, followed by a third at
Wind Cave State Park, in South Dakota in June 2013 and the final
one on Means’ birthday, on November 10, 2013. The location for
the final honoring ceremony has not been determined yet.
Family and friends of Russell Means sing as they ride horses
down the Big Foot Trail during the honoring service
procession for Means in Kyle, South Dakota, on the Pine
Ridge Indian Reservation on Wednesday, October 24. (AP
Photo/Rapid City Journal, Aaron Rosenblatt)
Richard Milda, of Manderson, South Dakota, carries the
Wounded Knee flag down the Big Foot Trail outside of Kyle
during the honoring service on October 24. (AP Photo/Rapid
City Journal, Aaron Rosenblatt)
Mourners gather to honor American Indian Movement activist
Russell Means inside the gymnasium at Little Wound High
School in Kyle, South Dakota, on the Pine Ridge Indian
Reservation on Wednesday, October 24, 2012. (AP Photo/Rapid
City Journal, Aaron Rosenblatt)