Ecosystems like this Brazilian ranforest are feeling the
effects of human development (Credit:
earlytwenties/Depositphotos)
We've been plodding around the place for 200,000 years,
but in the last 25 old planet Earth has really borne the
brunt of our ever-growing presence. This is the alarming
picture painted by a new study taking stock of the planet's
intact landscapes, revealing that since the early 1990's
almost one tenth of the globe's wilderness areas have been
lost to human development.
The study carried out by an international team of
researchers revealed that Africa, with a 14 percent loss,
and the Amazon, with a 30 percent loss, were the regions hit
the hardest. The team says that large-scale land conversion,
industrial activity and infrastructure development are to
blame.
The shrinking Amazon basin in particular is a problem
because, loss of biodiversity and important natural habitat
aside, the region holds nearly 38 percent of the total
carbon that is stored in wooded tropics across America,
Africa and Asia and therefore has an important role to play
in mitigating global emissions.
"The amount of wilderness loss in just two decades is
staggering," says Dr Oscar Venter of the University of
Northern British Colombia. "We need to recognize that
wilderness areas, which we've foolishly considered to be
de-facto protected due to their remoteness, is actually
being dramatically lost around the world."
While the loss of species is well studied, the
researchers were moved to investigate the state of the
globe's wilderness areas by a perceived gap in our knowledge
of how ecosystems as a whole were faring in the face of
global development. They did this by mapping the world's
wilderness areas, with "wilderness" defined as biologically
and ecologically intact and free of significant human
disturbance.
This map was then placed alongside another map produced
using the same approach in the early 1990s, and it wasn't a
pretty sight. The new map showed that 30.1 million km sq,
around 20 percent of the world's land area, is covered by
wilderness areas. Compared to the earlier map, this revealed
around 3.3 million km sq had been sacrificed in the years
since. Our approach to conservation, the team says, must
change.
"Without proactive global interventions we could lose the
last jewels in nature's crown," says Venter. "You cannot
restore wilderness, once it is gone, and the ecological
process that underpin these ecosystems are gone, and it
never comes back to the state it was. The only option is to
proactively protect what is left."
The research was published in the journal
Current Biology.
Source:
Wildlife Conservation Society